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India's 75th Anniversary of Independence: How Moscow Became New Delhi's All-Weather Friend_我的网站

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A | 원전 9기 분량 매년 새로 지어야 국민일보DB 정부가 2040년 재생에너지 설비 용량을 220기가와트(GW)까지 늘리겠다는 구상을 발표했다. 호남 반도체 클러스터를 비롯한 3대 메가프로젝트 사업으로 폭증할 전력 수요에 대응한다는 취지다. 그러나 계획이 현실이 되려면 재생에너지 설비가 매년 12GW 넘게 증가해야 한다. 1.4GW급 대형 원전 약 8~9기 분량의 설비를 해마다 새로 지어야 해 실효성 논란도 제기된다. 기후에너지환경부와 제12차 전력수급기본계획(전기본) 수립 총괄위원회는 26일 서울 여의도 한국전력공사 남서울본부에서 제6차 대국민 정책토론회를 열고 이런 내용의 정부 보급 목표와 전망치를 공개했다. 전기본 수립 총괄위는 재생에너지 설비가 2030년 100GW, 2035년 163GW로 정부 목표를 달성하고 2040년 220GW에 도달할 것으로 추산했다. 이는 사업용 태양광 등만 감안한 숫자다. 전력시장에 잡히지 않는 자가용 태양광까지 포함하면 2040년 236GW까지 치솟을 것으로 봤다. 총괄위 소속 조상민 한국공학대 교수는 “재생에너지 시장 잠재력과 신규 프로젝트 등을 기반으로 전망했다”고 설명했다. 정부의 구상은 태양광이 초기 보급을 견인하고 풍력발전이 뒤를 받치는 형태다. 사업용 태양광은 현행 31GW에서 2040년 155.3GW까지 확대될 전망이다. 인허가에 시간이 걸리는 육상·해상풍력발전은 현재 각각 2.1GW, 0.4GW에 불과하지만, 2040년엔 각각 15.5GW와 45.0GW로 급증할 것으로 예상했다. 조 교수는 “정부가 재생에너지 대전환에 정책 역량을 집중하는 점을 반영했다”고 말했다. 장밋빛 숫자의 이면엔 난제도 산적해 있다. 먼저 2030년 재생에너지 100GW 보급 목표조차 달성이 불투명한 상황에서 이를 10년간 배로 늘려야 한다. 김은성 사단법인 넥스트 부대표는 “220GW는 전망이라기보다 이상적인 목표 수치”라고 지적했다. 폭증할 발전량에 맞춰 송배전망도 대거 확충해야 한다. 곽영주 대한태양광발전사업자협회 회장은 “현장에선 태양광 발전소들이 계통이 없어 출력 정지를 당하고 생산된 전기를 버리고 있다”고 말했다. 정부는 이격거리 규제가 없는 태양광 사업을 확대해 보급 시기를 약 3.6년 앞당기고, 인허가 단축과 에너지저장장치(ESS) 확충도 병행할 계획이다.。 Exactly 75 years ago Jawaharlal Nehru, one of the principal leaders of India’s independence movement in the 1930s and 1940s, was sworn in as prime minister of the Dominion of India and raised the national flag at the Red Fort in Delhi. Having brought an end to the colonial rule of the British Empire, the Indian leadership embraced the concept of "non-alignment" and "neutrality" and diversified its ties, seeking new partnerships. At the time, the Soviet Union emerged as a natural ally for the independent Indian state.,Nehru was attracted to Marxism and promoted the idea of evolutionary and inclusive socialism. Back in 1927, the would-be Indian prime minister visited the USSR for the first time together with his wife Kamala, younger sister Krishna, and his father Motilal Nehru, a leader of the Indian National Congress.,The trip was connected with the 10th Anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, which was seen by Nehru and other Indian nationalists in "a very positive light," according to Dr. Anuradha Chenoy, professor of the Center for Russian and Central Asian Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University.,The Soviet press extensively covered the Nehrus' visit to Moscow, hailing Motilal and Jawaharlal as prominent leaders of India’s freedom movement. Jawaharlal Nehru was received in the Kremlin by Mikhail Kalinin, chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR. Having wrapped up his journey, the Indian politician wrote a booklet titled "Soviet Russia, some random sketches and impressions" (1928).,"Jawaharlal Nehru was influenced by Marxist and socialist thought to some extent, as he saw the need for state intervention for alleviating poverty, developing infrastructure and for development," says Dr. Chenoy. "He thus advocated and made policies to develop state- or public sector industries and also created a Planning Commission. Independent India's Second Plan was especially modeled around the Soviet planning system.",CC BY 2.0 / Public.Resource.Org / Photo 656 Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru at the mike. 20.7.47 Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru at the mike. 20.7.47 CC BY 2.0 / Public.Resource.Org / Photo 656,USSR Helped India Lay the Groundwork for Industrialization,On January 26, 1950, India became a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations with Jawaharlal Nehru serving as the Republic of India's prime minister until May 27, 1964. During this period, the USSR and India started to deepen their ties, according to Dr. Chenoy.,"Soviet support was crucial for an underdeveloped and newly liberated country like India," the academic explains. "Since India wanted to develop as a 'mixed economy,' that is to have both a state and private sector, Western countries refused them any aid and assistance that India needed. So India turned to the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union assisted India in the creation of new steel plants and several infrastructure industries. They assisted in developing Indian science and technology institutions which laid the base for Indian development in later years.",Dr. Chenoy elaborates that in the 1950s, the USSR helped India lay the groundwork for the country's early industrialization, with the Asian giant then starting to receive Russian defense equipment and military hardware.,CC0 / / Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (1917-1984) at the National Press Club, Washington, D.C. 1n 1966 Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (1917-1984) at the National Press Club, Washington, D.C. 1n 1966CC0 / /,Indo-Soviet Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation,The Indian war with Pakistan in 1971 became a pivotal moment for Indo-Soviet relations, according to the Indian academic. The conflict erupted over the Bangladesh liberation movement in East Pakistan, which was accompanied by killings of the Bengalis – both Muslims and Hindus – by West Pakistani forces led by General Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan in March 1971.,As a result of the violence and instability caused by the onslaught in East Pakistan, an estimated 10 million Bengalis fled to India by May 1971, prompting Delhi to intervene. Judging from documents released in December 2002 by the National Security Archive (NSA), a US non-profit archival institution, US President Richard Nixon and National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger did nothing to curtail the West Pakistani repressions against Bengalis and backed General Yahya.,After India stepped in to shield the Bengalis, "not only did the United States publicly pronounce India as the aggressor in the war, but the US sent the nuclear aircraft carrier, USS Enterprise, to the Bay of Bengal, and authorized the transfer of US military supplies to Pakistan, despite the apparent illegality of doing so," according to the non-profit.,Moscow's help came in handy at the time: in August 1971, India and the USSR concluded the Indo-Soviet Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation that specified mutual strategic cooperation between the countries. The treaty sent a powerful signal to the US and its allies. Eventually, the conflict ended on December 16, 1971 with the military forces of West Pakistan that were in Bangladesh surrendering.,"The Indian war with Pakistan on the issue of the liberation of Bangladesh in 1971 was a very special moment of Soviet support since the US wanted to help its ally Pakistan," says Dr. Chenoy. "After this, the Treaty of Friendship signed between India and the USSR was very holistic and provided India with much technological and defense support. Since then the friendship has increased.",© Photo : Indian PM OfficeModi Putin MeetModi Putin Meet© Photo : Indian PM Office,India's Strategic Autonomy,The historic Indo-Soviet Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation was renewed for another 20 years on August 8, 1991. After the collapse of the USSR, Moscow and New Delhi replaced the accords with the 20-year Treaty of Indo-Russian Friendship and Cooperation in January 1993.,Although the dissolution of the USSR resulted in a temporary chill in Russo-Indian economic and trade relations, they were soon reshuffled and are continuing to develop regardless of sanctions imposed by the West, according to Dr. Chenoy.,Since the declaration of independence back in 1947, India has managed to achieve significant strategic autonomy. The country has been maintaining ties with various global powers in accordance with its own strategic plans.,Thus, in June 2022, Indian Foreign Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar made it clear at the GlobeSec 2022 Bratislava Forum that India would not copycat the West's anti-Russia policies in the wake of Moscow's special operation to demilitarize and de-Nazify Ukraine. He stressed that “the world cannot be that Euro-centric as it used to be in the past,” adding that India, which is one-fifth of the world’s population and the fifth-largest economy will be guided by its national interests in the first place.。